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Matter
Very Short Questions
1. What
is matter?
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
2. Define
mixture.
Mixture is the combination of two or more than two things
together.
3. Name
two types of mixtures.
The two types of mixtures are:
i) Homogeneous mixture
ii) Heterogeneous mixture
4. What
is evaporation?
Evaporation is the process of changing liquid into vapour
(gas).
5. What
is distillation?
Distillation is a method of separating a mixture by
evaporation followed by condensation.
6. What
is chromatography?
Chromatography is a method of separating the different
components of a mixture based on their different rates of movement through a
medium.
7. What
is centrifuging?
Centrifuging is a method of separating heavy and light
particles of a mixture by rotating it at high speed.
8. Define
a solution.
A solution is a homogeneous mixture that is formed
when one substance (solute) completely dissolves in another substance
(solvent).
OR,
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.
9. Give
an example of a solution.
An example of a solution is salt solution (salt +
water).
10. Define
a suspension.
A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which
insoluble solid particles are dispersed in a liquid and can settle down.
11. Give
an example of a suspension.
An example of a suspension is muddy water.
12. Define
a colloid.
A colloid is a mixture in which very small particles
of one substance are dispersed in another substance and do not easily settle
down.
13. How
can you separate a mixture of salt and water?
We can separate mixture of salt and water by
evaporation.
14. How
can you separate cream from milk?
We can separate cream from milk by centrifuging
method.
15. Give
an example of a suspension you encounter in daily life.
An example of a suspension we encounter in daily life
is muddy water.
Short Questions
1. Not
necessary
2. What
type of mixture can be separated by distillation?
Mixture of liquids with different boiling points can
be separated by distillation.
3. How
solution is formed?
Solution is formed when one substance is completely
dissolved in another substance.
4. What
is homogeneous and heterogeneous mixture?
A mixture in which the components are uniformly
distributed throughout the mixture is called a homogeneous mixture.
A mixture in which the components are not uniformly distributed throughout the
mixture is called a heterogeneous mixture.
5. Differentiate
between evaporation and distillation.
The differences between evaporation and distillation
are:
|
Evaporation |
Distillation |
|
Evaporation
is the process of changing liquid into vapour (gas) by heating. |
Distillation
is a method of separating a mixture of liquids based on a different boiling
point. |
|
The
vapour is not collected. |
The
vapour is cooled and collected as liquid. |
|
It does
not require condenser. |
It
requires condenser. |
|
Example:
obtaining salt from salt water. |
Example:
obtaining pure water from salt water. |
6. Not
necessary
7. Write
any three uses of mixture in our daily life.
The three uses of mixture in our daily life are:
i) Cooking foods
ii) Making medicines
iii) Making fertilizers
8. Name
the method of separation of mixture shown in the given figure. Write any two utilities
of this method.
The method of separation of mixture shown in the given figure is Distillation. The two utilities of this method are:
i) Purification of water
ii) Production of alcoholic beverages
9. Differentiate
between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixture.
|
Homogeneous mixture |
Heterogeneous mixture |
|
A
mixture in which the components are uniformly distributed throughout the
mixture is called a homogeneous mixture. |
A
mixture in which the components are not uniformly distributed throughout the
mixture is called a heterogeneous mixture. |
|
The
components are generally not visible separately. |
The
components may be visible separately. |
|
Example:
Salt solution |
Example:
oil and water |
10. Why
is solution of salt and water considered as homogeneous mixture?
A solution of salt and water is considered a
homogeneous mixture because the salt dissolves completely in water and is
uniformly distributed throughout the solution.
11. Differentiate
between centrifuging and chromatography.
|
Centrifuging |
Chromatography |
|
Centrifuging
is a method of separating heavy and light particles of a mixture by rotating
it at high speed. |
Chromatography
is a method of separating the different components of a mixture based on
their different rates of movement through a medium. |
|
It
requires a centrifuge machine. |
It commonly uses a paper or other stationary medium and a solvent. |
Long Questions
1. Draw
a labelled diagram of distillation process used in laboratory.
2. Identify
the method of separation of separation of mixture shown in each of the given
figure. Also, write utility of each.
Fig(a): Distillation
Fig(b): Centrifugation
The
utilities of each are:
Distillation: It is used to purify water.
Centrifugation: It is used to separate cream from milk.
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